The Antimicrobial Effect of Alcoholic Extract of Peganumharmala L Seeds on Clinically Isolated Gram Negative and Gram Positive Bacteria

Abstract

The aim of the present study was assess the antimicrobial effect of
Peganumharmala L seeds extracts by ethanol (80%) on gram negative and gram
positive bacteria and four concentrations (25, 50, 75 and 100) mg/ml were prepared.
Four clinical isolates of bacteria were used; two were positive and two were
negative bacteria; that include: Bacillus, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas
aeruginosa and Escherichia coli. The results showed that all concentration that have
been used had antimicrobial effect against gram negative and gram positive bacteria
and the best concentration that have the best antimicrobial effect was 100 mg/ml and
the effect of alcoholic extraction was greater on gram positive bacteria than gram
negative bacteria, also the antimicrobial effect of two antibiotics were tested on
these four clinical isolates these antibiotics are imipeneme and gentamycin. The
effect of imipeneme was greater than the effect of gentamycin also the effect of
imipeneme on gram positive bacteria was greater than on gram negative bacteria.
The synergistic effect of alcoholic extraction of PeganumharmalaL seeds and
antibiotics was studied and the result show that the antimicrobial effect of antibiotics
(imipeneme and gentamycin) was increased when these antibiotics discs were
saturated with 100mg/ml of seeds extracts. The Minimal Inhibitory Concentration
(MIC) and Minimal Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) of the alcoholic extracts of
Peganumharmala L seeds on these four clinical isolates were tested and the result
show that the MIC was: for Bacillus : 3.12 mg/ml , Staphylococcus aureus:1.56
mg/ml, Pseudomonas aeruginosa: 6.25 mg/ml and Escherichia coli:3.12 mg/ml) and
the MBC was :( for Bacillus : 3.12 mg/ml , Staphylococcus aureus:3.12 mg/ml,
Pseudomonas aeruginosa: 12.5 mg/ml and Escherichia coli: 6.25 mg/ml.