Structural, Antibiofilm and Anticancer Properties of Mn₃O₄ Nanoparticles Synthesized Using Spinach Extract

Abstract

This study investigates an economical and environmentally friendly method for synthesizing Mn₃O₄ nanoparticles using spinach extract and manganese sulfate in an alkaline environment. The resulting Mn₃O₄ nanoparticles were characterized using different techniques such as FTIR, UV-visible, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) and Zeta potential. The size of the average crystal was calculated to be 46.16 nm using Debye-Scherrer's equation, and the particle size was 18.7 nm in SEM some deformation was observed due to aggregation. Kinetic stability gave a stable value of -52.5 mV in the Zeta potential of Mn₃O₄Nps. The antibacterial effects of (25, 50 and 100) μg /ml concentrations of Mn₃O₄NPs against Staphylococcus aureus, E.coil, and Candida fungus were studied, and Mn₃O₄NPs showed the highest inhibition diameter(nm) at concentration 100 μg /ml. The inhibitory effect of Mn₃O₄ NPs on the breast cancer cell line (MCF-7) was assessed by determining the half-maximal inhibitory concentration IC₅₀, which was found to be 134.1 μg /ml. This result suggests that the Mn₃O₄ NPs have a strong ability to inhibit cancer cells.