Evaluation of Systemic Levels of Pro- and Anti-Inflammatory Cytokines TNF-α, CRP, and IL-10 in Bariatric Surgery Patients Before and After Surgery

Noor Alhuda Kh   Ibrahim; Wasnaa Jomaa  Mohammed; Qasim Turki  Kadhim; Kishore Babu  Merakanapalli

doi:10.24996/ijs.2026.67.10.8

Authors

Noor Alhuda Kh Ibrahim Department of Basic Sciences, College of Nursing, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8677-1898
Wasnaa Jomaa Mohammed Department of Basic Sciences, College of Nursing, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq
Qasim Turki Kadhim Ministry of Education, General Directorate of Education Babylon, Al-Musayyab Branch, Babylon, Iraq https://orcid.org/0009-0009-0202-8174
Kishore Babu Merakanapalli Maris Stella College, Vijayawada, Andhra Pradesh - 520008, India.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.24996/ijs.2026.67.10.8

Keywords:

Bariatric Surgery patients, C-Reactive Protein, Immunomodulatory nutrients, Interleukin-10, Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha

Abstract

The effect of obesity on the onset and spread of inflammatory pathways is tremendous. Gastric bypass surgery has continued to be a very effective measure to reduce morbid obesity. The main aim of this study was to determine the level of circulating tumour necrosis factor C -alpha (TNF-α) and C-reactive protein (CRP), and interleukin-10 (IL-10) in the morbidly obese patients before and after surgery. Twenty-two participants were the cohort which was followed over a period of twelve months. The plasma levels of TNF-α, CRP, and IL-10, and body mass index, lipid profiles were measured; all parameters showed a steady decrease during the period of observation. One month after surgery, IL-10 levels significantly increased to 968.8 ± 171.8 pg/mL, while TNF-α levels significantly decreased to 158.8 ± 38.18 pg/mL. CRP levels were 1.36 ± 0.88 mg/dL post-surgery. Overall, it can be concluded that the study yielded statistically significant decreases in patient BMI, with significant changes in biochemical parameters with positive results in cytokines.