THE TIGRIS RIVER CREEP PHENOMENON RELATIONSHIPWITH BANK STONE CLADDING WITHIN BAGHDAD CITY

Abstract

Tigris River meanders in Baghdad in several areas. Al-Jadiriyah, Al-Kadimia and
Al-Atafia are the most important meander that meanders sharp and distinctive with
sinuosity reach 4.1, 2 and 1.5 respectively Maps, aerial photographs and satellite
images have been used, also surveyed field study, and by matching these maps,
reflect and show the increased distortions intensity and slowly in the first half of the
last century because of the impact of repeated high discharges and for the erosion in
the concave side and the process of deposition in the convex side. After the middle
of last century high discharges decreased due to the construction of dams and hence
the lower the activity of the river and stopped the river migration and confined
within the boundaries of the river downstream. The deposits of the study area
represented by Holocene deposits of sand, silt and clay. The nature of the energy of
deposition is determined by the river where the sand deposited first at the bottom of
the river bed, which represents the beginning of the sediment cycle, the more fine