Preparing a Map for the Surface Temperature Distribution of Baghdad andthe Marsh Area Using Remote Sensing Technique

Abstract

Temperatures are important factors that have an impact directly and indirectly on
the human, so the attention to this aspect certainly will be in the interest of human
life. It is no secret to anyone increased warming and cause concern in the scientific
authorities. On this basis, interested search to produce digital map and classified
chromatically for the temperature distribution and by taking advantage of the band 6
of the satellite Landsat ETM+ and TM, also introduced in the calculations standards
sensor satellite mentioned within emissions equations for the purpose of extracting
this map.
Namely, that it is possible to know the temperature of any point in the study site
through color classification of this map and easily find out the temperature of that
site by color groups belonging to that class. As used thermal images belonging to the
study area for consecutive periods of time for the purpose of knowledge over the
difference in temperatures for that area during a certain period of time, Where the
research show that the study area (Baghdad in the middle of Iraq and marshes in
southern Iraq) suffering from a rapid increase in temperature, which reflected
negatively on the ecology of the area specially in marshes. The method used in
research can be applied using ENVI software to any part of the areas of Iraq as soon
as you get the thermal band of Landsat ETM+ and TM, this method may lead to
detect heat sources unknown and unexpected areas of difficult access and measure
the temperature.